Evaluation of "Quranic Evidences" of the Theory of "Principalness of Peace" from the Perspective of Ayatollah Fāzil Lankarāni (Case study: verses 191-193 and 216 of Baqarah and verse 5 of Towbah)

Proponents of the idea of ​​the Principalness of peace, in order to prove their point of view, have criticized the Qur'anic arguments of the opponents (who believe in elementary jihad). Among the verses criticized by this group are verses 191-193, and 216 of Surah Al-Baqarah, and verse 5 of Surah Tawbah. According to this conflict, the questions of this research are: Who is the audience of the obligation of jihad in verse 216 of Surah, and is the notion of Muqatilah applied in Defense Jihad or not? In verses 191-193, what is meant by "polytheists"? What are the reference of "Fa in Intahaw" and also the meaning of "Fitnah" in these verses? In verse 5 of Surah Tawbah, is it meant "polytheists who violate the covenant" or absolute polytheists? The present article uses ijtihadi-exigetic method to investigate and answer these questions and doubts, focusing on the views of Ayatollah Fāḍil Lankarāni. The findings of the research are as follows: From the point of view of Ayatollah Fāḍil Lankarāni, verse 216 of Surah Al-Baqarah, first, according to the agreement of jurists and interpreters are among the initial verses implying the existence of primary Jihad and its audience are not just some disciples of the Prophet, rather it addresses all the Muslims; Second, the word "Qital" in most Qur'anic uses appears in the case of primary fighting. Also, this verse does not make the obligation of fighting conditioned to the confrontation of infidels and polytheists with Muslims, so that the

position can only be justified for the Prophets and messengers. Therefore, claiming the legitimacy of the people's vote on these verses will be an example of the negation of the argument in the absence of the subject.